Complete Guide to Coriander Farming
Coriander Farming — A Complete Guide
Coriander (Dhaniya) is an annual herb with the scientific name Coriandrum sativum. It is cultivated chiefly for its fruits similarly as for the tender green leaves. Coriander is actually native to the Mediterranean region and full-grown in Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Rajasthan, and Madhya Pradesh. Most of the production is being consumed domestically and a smaller share goes for exports. The fruits have an odoriferous odour and pleasant aromatic style. The odour and taste are because of volatile oil content, which varies from 0.1 to 1.0 percent within the dry seeds. The essential oils that are present in coriander are used for flavouring liquors, do coca preparations in confectionary, and even masking the pungent smells in pharmaceutical preparations.
The ground nuts are the main components of curry powder; on the other hand, the whole fruits are used in favour of foods such as pickles, sauces, and confectionery. The young plants, as well as the leaves, are used in the preparation of chutney and even used as a spice in curries, soups, and sauces. It also has medicinal properties, and the fruits of this herb are known for their carminative, diuretic, tonic, gastric, and aphrodisiac properties. Coriander belongs to the Apiaceae family. Read complete article about Complete Guide to Coriander Farming. Coriander Farming
Varieties of coriander and their characteristics
There are many varieties of coriander found all over the world. There are few varieties and their characteristics are stated below:
- CO1
- It was brought to market by TANU, Coimbatore.
- The plant is taller if compared by umbels per plant.
- It is suitable for greens and cereals, the duration is 110 days and the yield is 500 kg per
- CO2
- Started by TANU, Coimbatore.
- High-yielding variety, dual-use, drought tolerance, 0.3% oil, shelf life 90–110 days.
- Yield 600 700 kg per hectare.
- CO3
- Issued by TANU, Coimbatore. High yield, dual-purpose, medium grain;
- The seed oil content is 0.380.41%.
- Duration 103 days and yield 40 kg per
- Gujarat Coriander — 1
- Released by GAU, Jagudan.
- High yield, a larger number of branches, stronger and greenish
- Duration 112 days. Yield 1100 kg per
- Gujarat Coriander — 2
- Founded and released by GAU, Jagudan.
- High yield, more branches, dense, foliage, oversized umbels, diverse uses, strong seeds, no
- Duration 110 to 115 days, yield 1500 kg per
- Rajendra Swati
- Founded and released by RAU, Dholi.
- The yield potential is high, inter-fertile, fine-seeded, rich in essential oil, and resistant to stem gall.
- Duration 110 days. Yield 12001400 kg per
- Rcr- 41
- Founded and released by RAU, Jobner.
- It is large, upright, suitable for watered areas, and resistant to stem gall.
- Duration 130 140 days, yield 1200 kg per hectare and it is a high yielding variety.
- Swati
- Founded and released by APAU, Guntur.
- Semi-erect and suitable for late
- Duration of 80 to 90 days and yield 885 kg per Also high yield.
- Sadhana
- Founded and released by APAU, Guntur.
- High performance and suitable for dry
- It is semi-upright, resistant to aphids and mites.
- Duration: 95–105
- The yield of 1000 kg per
Plantation of Coriander Farming
- Climate and Soil Requirements
Dhaniya, or coriander, is grown primarily for leaf purposes. For a higher grain yield, it must be grown at a certain time of the year. Grain production is best when grown in cold, dry weather and frost-free, especially during the flowering and fruiting phases. Cloudy weather is not preferable during the flowering and fruiting phases, as it encourages attack by pests and diseases, while heavy rains damage the crops. As an irrigation plant, it can be grown in almost all types of soil, as long as enough organic matter is applied. In dry conditions, it is best suited to grow the crop on black cotton soils. Coriander Farming
- Preparing the Soil
For rain-fed areas, the land is plowed 3 or 4 times before the rainy season. After heavy rainfall, the field should be planted immediately to break up the clods and avoid soil moisture. After the crop is irrigated, the land is plowed two or three times and then beds and canals are built. Complete Guide to Coriander Farming. Coriander Farming
- Sowing
Coriander is grown mainly during the rabi season in the north and central India and Andhra Pradesh. Sowing or sowing takes place between mid-October and mid-November. It is also grown as a late crop of the Kharif, with the planting time falling between August and September. Coriander Farming
In Tamil Nadu, coriander is grown as an irrigation plant in June, July, and September, October, with the recommended amount of seed being 10–15 kg on one hectare of land. Seeds that are stored for 15 to 30 days, and then planted, have produced more yields and germinate earlier if we compare it to freshly harvested seeds. To improve germination, the seeds can be soaked in water for 12 to 24 hours before sowing. The seeds are divided into two parts by rubbing, and generally in rows with a distance of 30 to 40 cm and 15 cm made between the hills. The floor depth must be 3.0 cm or less. Three to five seeds are sown and covered with a plow. Coriander seeds usually take 10–15 days to germinate. Coriander Farming
- Irrigation method
The first irrigation is carried out 3 days after sowing. Then watering takes place at intervals of 10 to 15 days, depending upon the moisture in the existing soil. Coriander Farming
- Interculture
30 days after sowing the first weeding and weeding takes place, the leaves are reduced at the same time so that only two plants per thorn remain; one or two more weeds are carried out depending on the growth. Coriander Farming
Harvesting and yield of coriander
Depending on the variety and growing season, the harvest is usually ready to harvest in around 90 to 110 days. Harvesting should be considered when the fruits are fully ripe and change color from green to brown. When harvesting, the plants are cut or plucked and placed in the field in small piles that are beaten with sticks or rubbed with the hands. The product uses the advantages, cleans, and dries in the partial shade. After drying, the product is stored in jute sacks lined with paper. The yield of Dhaniya as rain plants is on average 400 to 500 kg/ha, while the yield of the irrigated crop is 600 to 1200 kg/ha.
Plant protection measures | Coriander Farming
The coriander culture is often attacked by leaf-eating caterpillars and half-loops during the seedling phase and by aphids during the flowering phase. To control aphids, it is recommended to spray the plants with methyl demetone (0.05%), but this should be avoided during the seedling phase. The flowering stage as the use of insecticides during this time would kill the bee population and affect pollination in the culture. Coriander Farming
There is a serious disease that is affecting Dhaniya cultivation and that is powdery mildew (Erysiphe polygoni). To combat them, it is recommended to spray a 0.25% or 0.2% sulfur wetting solution from Karathane twice with an interval of 10 to 15 days. One more disease is Grain mould caused by Helminthosporium sp., Alternariasp, Carvulariasp, and Fusarium sp. It can be controlled by spraying Carbendazim 0.1 days after the grain set.
